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As classified in WFO snapshot

June 2025

latest classification for this taxon

All plants /
Cirsium

genus

Cirsium Adans.

This genus name was first published in Fam. Pl. (Adanson) 2: 116 (1763)

At the time of this classification snapshot, this genus name was unplaced by WFO (a taxonomist hasn’t yet placed the name in the taxonomy). Its description and other taxonomic data can be found on World Flora Online, id: wfo-1200110266.

Unplaced Names

These names are not yet placed in the taxonomy, but may be associated with Cirsium:

Name	Author	Protologue	Nomenclator	WFO link
Cirsium abetonense	E.Michálk. & Bureš	Pl. Syst. Evol. 309(3)-20: 17 2023		wfo-1000057064
Cirsium abruptum	Formánek	Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 36: 62 (1898)		wfo-0000003182
Cirsium acanthifolium	Arv.-Touv.	Bull. Soc. Dauphin. Échange Pl. iii. (1876) 73.		wfo-0000138336
Cirsium acanthifolium	Porta	Ann. Bot. (Rome) 12: 22, hybr. (1913)		wfo-0000011386
Cirsium acantholepis var. heterolepis	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 27(2): 212 (1910)		wfo-0001380399
Cirsium acaule	(L.) All.	Primitiae Florae Holsaticae 1780		wfo-0000003976
Cirsium acaule var. acaule	–	–	—	wfo-0000056753
Cirsium acaule var. americanus	A.Gray	–		wfo-0001392588
Cirsium acaulescens	Jeps.	Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 1165. 1925 [24 Nov 1925]		wfo-0000114836
Cirsium acaulon	(L.) Scop.	–	—	wfo-1000056233
Cirsium acaulon subsp. acaulon	–	–	—	wfo-0000052722
Cirsium acaulon subsp. gregarium	(Boiss. ex DC.) Talavera	Lagascalia 4(2): 291 (1974)		wfo-0000107510
Cirsium acaulon var. acaulon	–	–	—	wfo-0000052249
Cirsium acaulon var. gregarium	DC.	DC., Prodr. 7. 1838. 305 1838	—	wfo-0000097904
Cirsium acaulos	Scop.	Fl. Carniol. 2: 131 (1772)		wfo-0000009522
Cirsium accedens	Rouy	Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 61, 117 (1904)		wfo-0000012974
Cirsium adulterinum	Porta	Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. xvii. 652 (1910).		wfo-0000029186
Cirsium adulterinum	Porta ex Fiori & Bég.	Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 17: 652 (1910)	—	wfo-0000130125
Cirsium afrum	DC.	Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. : 96 (1813)		wfo-0000064629
Cirsium akimontanum	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 35(4): 190 (-192, 195; figs. (2009)		wfo-0001331850
Cirsium akimotoi	Kadota & Mas.Saito	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 34(4): 146 (-149; figs. 7-8, (2008)		wfo-0001331625
Cirsium alberti	Regel & Schmalh.	Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 318. (1879)		wfo-0000067804
Cirsium aleutrense	Porta ex Kern.	Sched. Fl. Austro-Hung. 5: 64. 1888		wfo-0000080408
Cirsium alixense	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 133 (1875)		wfo-0000045672
Cirsium alpestre	Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 228		wfo-0000073308
Cirsium alpestrivagum	Gand.	Herb. Pyrénées 21 1884		wfo-1000064614
Cirsium altissimum f. moorei	Steyerm.	Rhodora 41: 585 (1939)		wfo-0001321900
Cirsium altissimum subsp. discolor	(Muhl. ex Willd.) Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 404 (1917)		wfo-0000107283
Cirsium altissimum var. discolor	(Muhl. ex Willd.) Fernald	Fl. Southington [C.H. Bissell & L. Andrews] 105. 1902		wfo-0000062828
Cirsium ambiguum var. hastatum	–	–	—	wfo-0000103958
Cirsium americanum	Daniels	Univ. Missouri Stud., Sci. Ser. 2(2): 253. 1911		wfo-0000079277
Cirsium americanum	Jeps.	Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 1164. 1925 [24 Nov 1925]		wfo-0000030829
Cirsium amplifolium	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 327 (1917)		wfo-0000122139
Cirsium amplum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 131 (1875)		wfo-0000084340
Cirsium andreanszkyanum	Kárpáti	Ind. Hort. Bot. Univ. Budapest. v. 171. 1941		wfo-0000075701
Cirsium andrewsii	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl., Abt. 2. 35: 538. 1917		wfo-0000088431
Cirsium angulosum	Tausch	Flora 19(2): 402 (1836)		wfo-0000128254
Cirsium angustatum	Peterm.	Fl. Bienitz 56 (Quid?)		wfo-0000084298
Cirsium angustifolium	(Lam.) DC.	Prodr. 6: 648 (1838)		wfo-0000128710
Cirsium aomorense f. echinoides	Kitam.	–	—	wfo-1200059658
Cirsium aragonense	Sennen	Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. ix. 232 (1910).		wfo-0000020576
Cirsium araneosum	Steud.	Nomencl. Bot. 1: 367 (1840)		wfo-0000139119
Cirsium araricum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 132 (1875)		wfo-0000115763
Cirsium arcense	Scop.	–	—	wfo-0001129124
Cirsium arctorhaphis	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043197
Cirsium arctotidifolium	Sch.Bip.	Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. : 144 (1867)		wfo-0000032416
Cirsium arenesii	Milliat	Le Monde des Plantes 38: 21. 1937		wfo-0000015018
Cirsium arenesii	Milliat & Arènes	Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. , sér. 2, 15: 348 (1943)		wfo-0000013290
Cirsium argentoides	Porta	Atti Imp. Regia Accad. Rovereto , ser. 3, 11(2): 6 (1905)		wfo-0000029947
Cirsium armenum	DC.	Prodr. 6: 647 (1838)		wfo-0000021831
Cirsium arvense f. albiflorum	Ralph Hoffm.	Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 36: 340. 1922		wfo-0000041125
Cirsium aschersonii	Čelak.	Arch. Naturwiss. Landesdurchf. Böhmen 2: 263 (1873)		wfo-0000136323
Cirsium ashinokuraense	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B 31(1): 42 (-46; figs. 5-7) (2005)		wfo-0000078487
Cirsium ausserdorferi	Hausm. ex Treuinf.	in Zeitschr. Ferdin. Tirol. 3(19): 223. 1875		wfo-0000110473
Cirsium austriacum	Khek	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 68: 230, hybr. (1919)		wfo-0000025925
Cirsium austrohidakaense	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 39(3): 121 (2013)		wfo-0001338585
Cirsium ayasii	H.Duman & Dirmenci	Bağbahçe Bilim Derg. 7(3): 36. 2020		wfo-1000021726
Cirsium babingtonii	Rouy	Illustr. Pl. Eur. t. 362.		wfo-0000018330
Cirsium bactiacense	Gand.	Dec. Pl. Nov. 1: 41 (1875)		wfo-0000007718
Cirsium balcanicum	Sagorski ex Huter	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56: 285 (1906)		wfo-0000017380
Cirsium balikesirense	Yıldız, Arabacı & Dirmenci	Turkish J. Bot. 37(6): 1046 (2013)		wfo-0001337691
Cirsium barduanum	Petr.	Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. xcii. 280 (1955)		wfo-0000118763
Cirsium basaseachense	G.L.Nesom	Phytoneuron 2022-24: 21. [27 Feb 2022] [epublished]		wfo-1000044305
Cirsium beckii	Petr.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 5: 330 (1908)		wfo-0000127699
Cirsium bellunense	Pamp.	Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1908, 127.		wfo-0000121968
Cirsium benacense	Treuinf.	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 24: 172 (1874)		wfo-0000132225
Cirsium benaci	Porta	Ann. Bot. (Rome) 9: 27, hybr. (1911)		wfo-0000031967
Cirsium benearnense	Gand.	Herb. Pyrénées 45 1884		wfo-1200097351
Cirsium benearnense	Rouy	Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 61, 117 (1904)		wfo-0000023798
Cirsium benzii	Murr	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 38: 205; 177 (1893) et in Deu (1888)		wfo-0000008643
Cirsium bernadense	Pavarino	Chanousia 1: 138. 1928		wfo-0000086362
Cirsium bichroophyllum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 130 (1875)		wfo-0000114691
Cirsium bicolor	Porta	Ann. Bot. (Rome) 12: 23, hybr. (1913)		wfo-0000137414
Cirsium bifrons	Arv.-Touv.	Monogr. Pilosella & Hieracium : 53 (1873)		wfo-0000063153
Cirsium bigerriense	Rouy	Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 6, 44, hybr. (1904)		wfo-0000092819
Cirsium bipinnatum	(Eastw.) Petr.	–		wfo-0000019997
Cirsium bipinnatum	(Eastw.) Rydb.	Fl. Rocky Mts. : 1010 (1917)		wfo-0000122227
Cirsium bocoynense	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043192
Cirsium bohemicum	Fleischer	in Dorfler, Herb. Norm. No. 3640. 1898 , hybr.		wfo-0000020456
Cirsium bohemicum	J.Fleisch.	Exsicc. (Herb. Norm.): 3640 (1898)	—	wfo-0000003331
Cirsium boissieri	strib. ex Hayek	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(2): 712 (1931)		wfo-0000074422
Cirsium bonapartei	Maire & Petitm.	Mat. Etude Fl. Geogr. Bot. Orient 4: 125. 1908		wfo-0000067812
Cirsium boujartii subsp. boujartii	–	–	—	wfo-1200068572
Cirsium boulayi	E.G.Camus	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 106 (1891)		wfo-0000065077
Cirsium bozkirense	H.Duman, Dirmenci & Tugay	Turkish J. Bot. 41(4): 376 (2017)	—	wfo-1000080026
Cirsium brachiatum	Porta	Atti Imp. Regia Accad. Rovereto , ser. 3, 11(2): 4 (1905)		wfo-0000017837
Cirsium bracteosum	Arv.-Touv.	Add. Monog. Pilos. 18. , (Quid?)		wfo-0000031551
Cirsium branquinhoi	Rothm.	Broteria, Ser. Trimestr. 9: 15. 1940		wfo-0000096474
Cirsium breunium	Goller & Huter	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56: 309 (1906)		wfo-0000125694
Cirsium brevicaule	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. [Gandoger] 132. 1875		wfo-0000029974
Cirsium brevicaule f. albiflorum	Kitam.	–	—	wfo-1200059656
Cirsium breviscapum	Eichenf.	Sitzungsber. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien xliii. (1893) 52		wfo-0000002887
Cirsium breweri subsp. howellii	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 486 (1917)		wfo-0000102717
Cirsium breweri subsp. wrangelii	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 461 (1917)		wfo-0000111392
Cirsium breweri var. lanosissimum	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 462 (1917)		wfo-0000063892
Cirsium brixiense	Porta	Atti Imp. Regia Accad. Rovereto , ser. 3, 11(2): 3 (1905)		wfo-0000090855
Cirsium brueggeri	Kill. ex Brügger	Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens II. xxiii.-xxiv. (1880) 108.		wfo-0000021979
Cirsium buchingeri	Sch.Bip. ex Schweinf.	Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 284, nomen. (1867)		wfo-0000089203
Cirsium burgalense	Elias & Sennen	Bull. Géogr. Bot. 21: 115, hybr. (1911)		wfo-0000012694
Cirsium cadubricum	Pamp.	Arch. Bot. (Forlì) xxii. 62 (1946).		wfo-0000010588
Cirsium californicum	Jeps.	Fl. W. Calif. [Jepson] 508. 1901 [16 Apr 1901]		wfo-0000010036
Cirsium californicum subsp. pseudoreglense	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 479 (1917)		wfo-0000097448
Cirsium californicum var. pseudoreglense	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 480 (1917)		wfo-0000100368
Cirsium calopodum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 132 (1875)		wfo-0000041432
Cirsium candidissimum	Dammer	Gard. Chron. ser. 3, 23: 161. 1898		wfo-0000064571
Cirsium candissimum	Greene	–	—	wfo-0000114863
Cirsium canoasense	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043188
Cirsium canum	M.Bieb.	Fl. Taur.-Caucas. ii. 274.		wfo-0000039130
Cirsium capnoideum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 130 (1875)		wfo-0000129898
Cirsium cardo-leonis	Lojac.	Fl. Sicul. 2(1): 158 (1903)		wfo-0000070167
Cirsium carduophilum	Arv.-Touv.	Essai Pl. Dauphiné 38, in obs. (Quid?) (1872)		wfo-0000040838
Cirsium carinthiacum	Flieschm.	Ann. Naturhist. Hofmus. xxvii. 150 (1913), hybr.		wfo-0000114521
Cirsium carlinoides	(Schrank) B.Fedtsch.	Rastit. Turkest. 754 (1915).		wfo-0000090679
Cirsium carlinoides	Fisch.	Prodr. 6: 661 (1838)		wfo-0000041641
Cirsium carlinoides	Fisch. ex DC.	Prodr. 6: 661 (1838)	—	wfo-0000056096
Cirsium carminans	Dumort.	Fl. Belg. : 74 (1827)		wfo-0000045123
Cirsium caspicum	Petr.	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 60: 439 (1910)		wfo-0000002167
Cirsium castriferrei	Borbás	Enum. pl. Castrif. 195. 1889		wfo-0000070294
Cirsium catalaunicum	Sennen	Bull. Géogr. Bot. 23: 243, hybr. (1914)		wfo-0000132664
Cirsium celakovskianum	K.Knaf	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 22: 309 (1872)		wfo-0000037480
Cirsium cenisium	Arv.-Touv.	Monogr. Pilosella & Hieracium , Suppl.: 38 (1876)		wfo-0000122872
Cirsium centaureae	Cockerell ex Daniel.s	Univ. Missouri Stud., Sci. Ser. 2(2): 253. 1911		wfo-0000001352
Cirsium centaureae	K.Schum.	Bot. Jahresber. (Just) 29, pt. 1: 566 (1903)		wfo-0000069077
Cirsium chabertii	Gand.	Étude Fl., ed. 5 [A. Cariot] 2: 306. 1872 ; Gandoger, Fl Lyonn. 131 (1875).		wfo-0000074954
Cirsium chailleti	W.D.J.Koch	Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 1(2): 393 (1837)		wfo-0000139280
Cirsium chanroenicum var. pinnatifolium	Y.N.Lee	Alp. Flow. Korea 409. 2000		wfo-0001382997
Cirsium chiapanum	G.L.Nesom	Phytoneuron 2022-24: 16. [27 Feb 2022] [epublished]		wfo-1000044299
Cirsium chikabumiense	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 39(3): 117 (2013)		wfo-0001338583
Cirsium chilaishanense	S.S.Ying	New Taxa New Names 3: 246. 2020		wfo-1000021727
Cirsium chionanthum	G.L.Nesom & García-Mor.	Phytoneuron 2021-68: 1. 2021		wfo-1000026118
Cirsium chium	(Jacq.) DC.	Prodr. 6: 646 (1838)		wfo-0000015891
Cirsium chrismarii	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 27(2): 215 (1910)		wfo-0000021719
Cirsium ciliatum	M.Bieb.	Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 556 (Dec 1819 or early 182		wfo-0000091871
Cirsium cirsiophilum	Arv.-Touv.	Essai Pl. Dauphiné 38, in obs. (Quid?) (1872)		wfo-0000035168
Cirsium cladophorum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 132 (1875)		wfo-0000131901
Cirsium collivagum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 132 (1875)		wfo-0000007391
Cirsium colmeiroanum	Sennen	Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 28(3-4): 77, hybr. (1929)		wfo-0000119458
Cirsium colmeroi	Sennen & Pau	Bull. Géogr. Bot. 24: 243, in syn. (1914)		wfo-0000037295
Cirsium coloradense subsp. scariosum	–	–	—	wfo-0000105398
Cirsium concilii	Porta	Atti Imp. Regia Accad. Rovereto , ser. 3, 11(2): 4 (1905)		wfo-0000016869
Cirsium cosmelii	Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Hohen.	Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 6: 251 (1833)		wfo-0000029826
Cirsium coulteri	Harv. & Gray	Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts : 110 (1849)		wfo-0000138146
Cirsium crassum	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35(2) 563 1917	—	wfo-0000003367
Cirsium crinitum	Boiss. ex DC.	Prodr. 7(1): 305 (1838)		wfo-0000011976
Cirsium crinitum var. balearicum	Willk.	Willk., Ill. Fl. Hispan. 2. 1886. 20 1886	—	wfo-0000059896
Cirsium csepeliense	Borbás	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 28: 392 (1878)		wfo-0000130493
Cirsium curiosum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 131 (1875)		wfo-0000011439
Cirsium cymosum var. cymosum	–	–		wfo-0000087644
Cirsium czepeliense	Herb.Rouy ex E.G.Camus	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 81, in obs. (1891)		wfo-0000021422
Cirsium dasyphyllum	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043193
Cirsium decurrens	Griff.	Itin. Pl. Khasyah Mts. 132, n.° 539, nomen subnudum (1848)		wfo-0000016506
Cirsium degenii	Petr.	Biblioth. Bot. 78: 77 (1912)		wfo-0000104053
Cirsium diacantha	DC.	Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp. : 96 (1813)		wfo-0000130658
Cirsium didieri	Arènes	Cynar. France Fasc. 7: No. 440. 1941 ; cf. Arenes in Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 2, xv. 343 (1943)		wfo-0000025505
Cirsium diffusum	Petr.	–		wfo-0000118321
Cirsium diffusum	Rydb.	Fl. Rocky Mts. : 1010 (1917)		wfo-0000093445
Cirsium digeneum	Burnat ex Verl., Arv.-Touv. & Faure	Bull. Soc. Dauphin. Échange Pl. 1881, 321, in obs.		wfo-0000046803
Cirsium dimorphum	Petr. ex Grossh.	Fl. Kavkaza 4: 180, in syn. (1934)		wfo-0000038126
Cirsium discolor	Goller & Huter	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56: 311. 1906		wfo-0000014288
Cirsium discolor f. albiflorum	House	Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244: 55 (1923)		wfo-0000131551
Cirsium disjunctum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 132 (1875)		wfo-0000120522
Cirsium dispermum	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35(2): 565 (1917)	—	wfo-0000062833
Cirsium dissimile	Porta	Ann. Bot. (Rome) 7: 317 (1909)		wfo-0000029645
Cirsium dissimile	Porta	in Ann. Bot., Roma, vii. 317 (1909).	—	wfo-0000041755
Cirsium distans	Huter	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56: 314 (1906)		wfo-0000066693
Cirsium dolopicum	Formánek	Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 1897, 74.		wfo-0000018171
Cirsium dominii	M.Schulze	Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins xviii. 35 (1903), hybr.		wfo-0000084090
Cirsium drummondii var. lanatum	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 354 (1917)		wfo-0000103059
Cirsium dubium	Lojac.	Fl. Sicul. 2(1): 155 (1903)		wfo-0000029560
Cirsium ebergassingense	Petr.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 5: 331 (1908)		wfo-0000030799
Cirsium echinopifolium	Boiss. ex Tchich.	Asie Min., Bot. ii. 343. (1860)		wfo-0000137548
Cirsium effusum	Matsum.	Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 639 (1912)		wfo-0000059516
Cirsium ehrenbergianum	Sch.Bip.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 27(2): 221 (1910)		wfo-0000125315
Cirsium ekimianum	Yıldız & Dirmenci	Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 158(4): 669 (-673; figs. 2-3, (2008)		wfo-0001331521
Cirsium elatum	Porta	Atti Imp. Regia Accad. Rovereto , ser. 3, 11(2): 6 (1905)		wfo-0000083184
Cirsium elatum	Saut.	Flora 28: 130 (1845)		wfo-0000091609
Cirsium elatum	Tod.	Index Seminum (PAL, Panormitani) (1858) 25; et in Ann. Sc. Nat.		wfo-0000066229
Cirsium eliasennenii	Pau	Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. vi. 27 (1907).		wfo-0000063867
Cirsium eliasii	Sennen & Pau	Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. , sér. 3, 18(229): 476 (1908)		wfo-0000125757
Cirsium empedocleanum	Lojac.	Natural. Sicil. iii. 284. 1884		wfo-0000137025
Cirsium eorythros	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043179
Cirsium eremogenes	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 130 (1875)		wfo-0000003836
Cirsium eriophorum f. calabrum	Fiori	Fl. Italia [Fiori, Béguinot & Paoletti] 3: 367.1904		wfo-1200026981
Cirsium eriophorum var. bosniacum	(Vand.) E.Mayer	Fl. Bosnae & Hercegovinae 4(4): 99 (1983):.		wfo-0001388758
Cirsium erisithaliforme	Preissm.	Mitt. Naturwiss. Vereines Steiermark 30: 224. 1894		wfo-1000036281
Cirsium erisithaloides	Huter ex Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 271		wfo-0000118644
Cirsium erisithaloides	Murr	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 43: 178; et in Deutsche Bot. (1893)		wfo-0000027799
Cirsium erosum	Cockerell ex Daniels	Univ. Missouri Stud., Sci. Ser. ii. n.° 2, 254 (1911).		wfo-0000139008
Cirsium erzincanicum	Yıldız, Dirmenci & Arabacı	Turkish J. Bot. 43(3): 369. 2019		wfo-1000031412
Cirsium exaltatum	Brügger	Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens II. xxiii-xxiv. (1880) 109.		wfo-0000032583
Cirsium exscapum	Fisch.	Cat. Jard. Gorenki ed. 2, 35, nomen. (1812)		wfo-0000010487
Cirsium extraneum	Beck	Fl. Nieder-Osterreich 2: 1242. 1892		wfo-0000122149
Cirsium fabium	Porta ex Kern.	Sched. Fl. Austro-Hung. 5: 63. 1888		wfo-0000027520
Cirsium fani	Sennen	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 73: 655 (1927)		wfo-0000021456
Cirsium filipendulum	Engelm. ex A.Gray	A Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States. Second Edition 233 1856	—	wfo-0000065866
Cirsium finissimum	Rota ex Rodegher	Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. (1893) 519 nomen.		wfo-0000042961
Cirsium fischerianum	Andrz. ex Trautv.	Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada viii. (1883) 501, nomen.		wfo-0000093654
Cirsium fissibracteum	Peterm.	Deutschl. Fl. (Petermann) 312 (1849)		wfo-1000077587
Cirsium fissum	Ausserd. ex Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 262		wfo-0000028026
Cirsium fleischeri	Podp.	Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 54: 339 (1895)		wfo-0000027491
Cirsium fleischmannii	Khek	Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 1905, 41.		wfo-0000021963
Cirsium flodmanii f. albiflorum	D.Löve	Rhodora 55: 362 (1953)		wfo-0001321901
Cirsium foliosum	Rhiner	Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 37: Sitzb. 72 (1887)		wfo-0000022573
Cirsium fontinale var. fontinale	–	–		wfo-0000070013
Cirsium formosanum	Sasaki	Cat. Gov. Herb. 507. 1930 ; (Gov. Res. Inst., Formosa, Rep. Dept. For. No. 9)		wfo-0000026283
Cirsium fraserianum	Druce	Comit. Fl. Brit. Isles 172. 1932		wfo-0000070867
Cirsium frayi	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 131 (1875)		wfo-0000082196
Cirsium freyerianum	W.D.J.Koch	Taschenb. Deut. Schweiz. Fl. : 288 (1843)		wfo-0000036721
Cirsium galissierianum	E.G.Camus	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 104, 107 (1891)		wfo-0000003560
Cirsium ganderi	Huter ex Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 274		wfo-0000026442
Cirsium gelmianum	Porta	Ann. Bot. (Rome) 7: 318 (1909)		wfo-0000036125
Cirsium gelmianum	Porta	in Ann. Bot., Roma, vii. 318 (1909).	—	wfo-0000042146
Cirsium gibsonii	Druce	List Brit. Pl. 39 (1908).		wfo-0000015524
Cirsium giresunicum	Yıldız, Arabacı & Dirmenci	Türl. Hab. 4(2): 128 2023		wfo-1000064379
Cirsium glaucescens	Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 227		wfo-0000088286
Cirsium globiferum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 131 (1875)		wfo-0000013773
Cirsium golleri	Huter	ex Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 399. 1895		wfo-0000036402
Cirsium golleri	Huter ex Oerst.	Bot. Z. 1895: 399 (1895)	—	wfo-0000035312
Cirsium gonzaloi	Sennen	Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 28(5-8): 105, in obs., hybr. (1930)		wfo-0000036748
Cirsium grandiflorum	Kitt.	Taschenb. Fl. Deutschl., ed. 2 551. 1844		wfo-0000010832
Cirsium grandii	Lacaita	Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1918, n. s. xxv. 103, hybr.		wfo-0000006993
Cirsium gregarioides	Porta & Rigo ex Pau	Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. , sér. 3, 16(206): 77 (1906)		wfo-0000059676
Cirsium gregarium	Willk.	Prodr. Fl. Hispan. ii. 189		wfo-0000016092
Cirsium greimleri	Bureš	Preslia 90(2): 118. 2018		wfo-1000003558
Cirsium gremblichii	Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 213		wfo-0000133344
Cirsium grenieri	Rouy	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 107, in obs. (1891)		wfo-0000136596
Cirsium grettstadtianum	Gross	Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. xii. 94 (1906).		wfo-0000017987
Cirsium griseiforme	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35(2): 564 (1917)	—	wfo-0000086255
Cirsium griseum	Cockerell ex Daniels	Univ. Missouri Stud., Sci. Ser. ii. n.° 2, 253 (1911).		wfo-0000117900
Cirsium griseum	K.Schum.	Bot. Jahresber. (Just) 29, pt. 1: 566. 1903		wfo-0000120920
Cirsium griseum var. osterhoutii	(Rydb.) Ackerf. & D.J.Keil	J. Syst. Evol. 58(6): 905. 2020		wfo-1200007443
Cirsium guanwuense	S.S.Ying	New Taxa New Names 6: 565 2023		wfo-1000057179
Cirsium gutnickianum	M.Loehr	Enum. Fl. Deutschland 365. 1852 [1-14 Jan 1852]		wfo-0000017868
Cirsium haberianum	Gand.	Dec. Pl. Nov. 1: 41 (1875)		wfo-0000083731
Cirsium hagurosanense	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 40(2): 89 (2014)		wfo-0001341048
Cirsium hakodatense	Kudô	Jap. J. Bot. ii. 281 (1925), nomen.		wfo-0000015678
Cirsium halacsyi	Formánek	Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 3: 63 (1892)		wfo-0000060174
Cirsium halleri	Tausch	Flora 19(2): 401 (1836)		wfo-0000042987
Cirsium hallerianum	Hill	Veg. Syst. 4: 27. 1762		wfo-0000129003
Cirsium hanamakiense	Kitam.	Compos. Nov. Jap. : 4 (1931)		wfo-0000024310
Cirsium handaniae	Yıldız, Dirmenci & Arabacı	Annales botanici fennici 46:239 (2009)	—	wfo-1000080027
Cirsium hargitanum	Nyár.	Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 13: 71 (1934) (1933 publ. 1934)		wfo-0000120864
Cirsium harrisonii	(S.L.Welsh) Ackerf. & D.J.Keil	J. Syst. Evol. 58(6): 905. 2020		wfo-1000021728
Cirsium hausmannii	Treuinfels	Cirsien Tirols 76. 1875		wfo-0000098102
Cirsium haussmannii	Rouy	Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 6, 45, hybr. (1904)		wfo-0000033030
Cirsium hawaiense	H.Lév.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 189 (1913)		wfo-0000113284
Cirsium haynaldii	Borbás	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 250; G. Beck, Fl. Nieder- (1892)		wfo-0000064062
Cirsium heerianum	Nägeli	Cirs. Schweiz 75. 1840		wfo-1000036289
Cirsium heldreichii subsp. euboicum	Petr.	–		wfo-1200068181
Cirsium heliorhaphis	G.L.Nesom	Phytoneuron 2022-24: 16. [27 Feb 2022] [epublished]		wfo-1000044300
Cirsium heteroanthum	Kitam.	Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 3: 8 (1934)		wfo-0000001843
Cirsium heterophylloides	Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 245		wfo-0000071959
Cirsium heuseri	Uechtr.	Unknown Publ.		wfo-1000036314
Cirsium hookerianum var. eriocephalum	(A.Gray) A.Nelson	–	—	wfo-0000017650
Cirsium horiianum	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B 31(1): 36 (-39, 45; figs. 1-2 (2005)		wfo-0000129556
Cirsium horridulum	(Torr. & A.Gray) Fernald	–		wfo-0000125406
Cirsium horridulum f. atropurpureum	Moldenke	Phytologia 26: 224. 1973		wfo-0001402880
Cirsium horridum	Lag. ex DC.	Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 6: 660. 1838 [1837 publ. early Jan 1838]		wfo-0000036868
Cirsium hranicense	Petr.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 5: 332 (1908)		wfo-0000074271
Cirsium huguenini	Buegg.	in Jahresb. Naturf. Ges. Graub. II. xxiii-xxiv. (1880) 109. II. xxiii-xxiv. 109. 1880	—	wfo-0000079135
Cirsium hugueninii	Brügger	Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens II. xxiii-xxiv. (1880) 109.		wfo-0000017096
Cirsium hungaricum	Zsák	Bot. Közlem. 20: 19, 22 (1923), hybr. (1922 publ. 1923)		wfo-0000010005
Cirsium hupingshanicum	Z.C.Jin & Y.S.Chen	Phytotaxa 544(1): 95. 2022		wfo-1000029721
Cirsium huteri	Hausm. ex Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 221		wfo-0000074236
Cirsium hybridum	Koch	–	—	wfo-0001283630
Cirsium hygrogenes	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 133 (1875)		wfo-0000133353
Cirsium hygropodum	G.L.Nesom	Phytoneuron 2021-69: 3. 2021		wfo-1000026119
Cirsium hystrix	Porta	Atti Imp. Regia Accad. Rovereto 1896, 213.		wfo-0000036003
Cirsium ibericum	Sennen & Pau	Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. , sér. 3, 18(229): 475 (1908)		wfo-0000000958
Cirsium incelebratum	Forta	Ann. Bot. (Rome) 12: 23, hybr. (1913)		wfo-0000065229
Cirsium incisum	Rouy	Fl. France 9: 49, in syn. (1905)		wfo-0000117118
Cirsium incomptum	(Maxim.) Nakai	Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 26: 368 (1912)		wfo-0000009837
Cirsium integrifolium	(Wimm. & Grab.) L.Q.Zhao & Y.Z.Zhao	Key Vasc. Pl. Inner Mongolia 274. 2014		wfo-1000038229
Cirsium integriusculum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 133 (1875)		wfo-0000014422
Cirsium intraspinulosum	Javorka	Magyar Bot. Lapok 21: 20 (1923). (1922 publ. 1923)		wfo-0000084601
Cirsium involucratum var. horridum	(Hook.f.) N.P.Balakr.	et in Bull. Bot. Surv. India 22(1–4): 175 (1980 publ. 1982):. 1981		wfo-0000022886
Cirsium involucratum var. horridum	(Hook.f.) N.P.Balakr.	Fl. Jowai 1: 256 (1981);.		wfo-0000080919
Cirsium ispolatovi	Iljin	Izv. Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 30: 351 (1932). (1931 publ. 1932)		wfo-0000108140
Cirsium ito-kojianum	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 34(1): 32 (-35; figs. 1-2, ma (2008)		wfo-0001331621
Cirsium jaegeri	F.Schultz	Flora 32: 228 (1849)		wfo-0000121725
Cirsium japonicum f. alba	T.Lee	–	—	wfo-1200059666
Cirsium japonicum f. leucanthum	Nakai	–	—	wfo-1200059660
Cirsium japonicum var. australe	Kitam.	–		wfo-1200068310
Cirsium japonicum var. diabolicum	(Kitam.) Kitam. ex Ohwi	–	—	wfo-1200068587
Cirsium japonicum var. littorale	(Maxim.) Kitam.	–	—	wfo-1200068446
Cirsium japonicum var. maritimum	Konta & Katsuy.	Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B 31(4): 142 (147-148, 152; fig (2005)		wfo-0001382962
Cirsium japonicum var. nipponense	Nakai	Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 25: 60 (1911)		wfo-0000070496
Cirsium japonicum var. spinosissimum	Kitam.	–	—	wfo-1200068375
Cirsium japonicum var. spinossimum	(Kitam.) Kitam.	J. Jap. Bot. 20: 198 (1944)		wfo-0001383557
Cirsium javalambrense	Sennen	Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. ix. 232 (1910).		wfo-0000074423
Cirsium jeanjeanii	Arènes	Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. , sér. 2, 15: 346 (1943)		wfo-0000007946
Cirsium joannae	S.L.Welsh, N.D.Atwood & L.C.Higgins	Utah Fl., ed. 3. 168. 2003		wfo-0000135878
Cirsium jonasii	Sennen	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 426, in obs., hybr. (1904)		wfo-0000129704
Cirsium joschii	Pacher	Jahrb. Naturhist. Landesmus. Kärnten xv. (1882) 136.		wfo-0000126709
Cirsium jouffroyi	Neyra & E.G.Camus	Bull. Herb. Boissier i. App. ii. 41. 1893 (1893)		wfo-0000089345
Cirsium juratzkae	Reichardt	Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 11: 380 (1861)		wfo-0000122597
Cirsium kelkitensis	Yıldız, Arabacı & Dirmenci	Turkish J. Bot. 43(3): 369. 2019		wfo-1000031413
Cirsium kenji-horieanum	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 39(3): 118 (2013)		wfo-0001338584
Cirsium kerneri	Ausserd. ex Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 260		wfo-0000031888
Cirsium khekii	Murr	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 43: 177; et in Deutsche Bot. (1893)		wfo-0000105037
Cirsium killiasii	Brügger	Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens II. xxiii-xxiv. (1880) 108.		wfo-0000029516
Cirsium kirishimense	Kadota & Mas.Saito	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 34(4): 136 (-140; figs. 1-2, map) (2008)		wfo-0001331622
Cirsium kirschlegeri	Sch.Bip.	Fl. Pfalz 249. 1843		wfo-1000036277
Cirsium kisoense	(T.Yamaz. & K.Asano) Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 35(1): 48 (2009)		wfo-0001429138
Cirsium kornhuberi	Heimerl	Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 34: 95 (-97) (1884)		wfo-0000074697
Cirsium korsakoviense	H.Lév. & Vaniot	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 102 (1909)		wfo-0000065218
Cirsium kosmelii	Boiss.	Fl. Orient. 3: 531, in syn. (1875)		wfo-0000023414
Cirsium kozlowskyi	Petrak.	–	—	wfo-0001130641
Cirsium kretschmeri	Rothm. & O.Schwarz	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 42: 297 (1937)		wfo-0000119530
Cirsium kubikialpicola	Kadota	J. Jap. Bot. 96(3): 132. 2021		wfo-1000026120
Cirsium kubikialpicola f. albiflorum	Kadota	J. Jap. Bot. 96(3): 133. 2021		wfo-1200008120
Cirsium kujuense	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 34(4): 140 (-143; figs. 3-4, (2008)		wfo-0001331623
Cirsium lacaitae	Petr. ex Lacaita	Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 1918, n. s. xxv. 120, in syn.		wfo-0000028877
Cirsium laceratum	Arv.-Touv.	Monogr. Pilosella & Hieracium , Suppl.: 37 (1876)		wfo-0000086444
Cirsium lachenalii	DC.	Prodr. 6: 648, in syn. (1838)		wfo-0000137481
Cirsium lacteum	Ruhmer	Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 1: 241 (1881)		wfo-0000048655
Cirsium lamottei	Neyra & G.Camus.	Bull. Herb. Boissier i. App. ii. 40. 1893 (1893)		wfo-0000120062
Cirsium lampophyllum	Herbich	Stirp. Rar. Bucov. : 54 (1853)		wfo-0000029762
Cirsium lamyroides	Tamamsch. ex Kharadze	Fl. URSS 28: 138 1963		wfo-1200109492
Cirsium lanceolatiforme	Dörfl.	Herb. Norm. Sched. Cent. [Dörfler] sub no. 3640. 1898 , in obs.		wfo-0000129777
Cirsium lanceolatum var. album	N.Coleman	Cat. Fl. Pl. S. Pen. Michigan : 23 (1874)		wfo-0000109879
Cirsium lanceolatus	Hoffm. ex Hemsl.	Biologia Centrali-Americana; . . . Botany . . . 2(10): 251 1881	—	wfo-0000087858
Cirsium lappaceum subsp. kandavanicum	Petr.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 48: 151.1940		wfo-1200026970
Cirsium lappaceum var. ferox	Boiss.	Fl. Orient. 3: 531 (1875)		wfo-0000107465
Cirsium laterifolium	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 550 (1917)		wfo-0000135349
Cirsium latinervium	Formánek	Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 37: 167 (1899)		wfo-0000094146
Cirsium ledebourii	Steud.	Nomencl. Bot. 1: 368 (1840)		wfo-0000008455
Cirsium leducii	H.Lév.	Cat. Pl. Yun-Nan : 41 (1916)		wfo-0001429139
Cirsium legrandii	Sennen	Bull. Assoc. Pyr. 8: 8. [1902-3] , hybr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France, xlix. 376 (1902)		wfo-0000100365
Cirsium leucanicum	Lojac.	Natural. Sicil. iii. 283. 1884		wfo-0000064291
Cirsium lidaoense	S.S.Ying	New Taxa New Names 7: 564 (2024)		wfo-1000076563
Cirsium liebmanii	Sch.Bip. ex Klatt	Leopoldina 24: 128 (1888)		wfo-0001327945
Cirsium ligulare var. albanum	(Wettst.) Gajić	Fl. Srbije 7: 205. 1975		wfo-0001386718
Cirsium limophilum	Petr.	Bot. Tidsskr. 31: 61 (1911)		wfo-0000026489
Cirsium lojkae	Somm. & Levier.	–	—	wfo-0000043064
Cirsium longebracteatum	Formánek ex Petr.	Biblioth. Bot. 78: 57 (1912), pro syn.		wfo-0000127071
Cirsium longirameum	Gand.	Dec. Pl. Nov. 1: 41 (1875)		wfo-0000071367
Cirsium longistylum	R.J.Moore & Frankton	Canad. J. Bot. 41: 1562, tab. 1 (1963)		wfo-0000040352
Cirsium luchuense	Nakai ex Koidz.	Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 7: 126 (1938)		wfo-0000114283
Cirsium lucidum	DC.	Prodr. 6: 654 (1838)		wfo-0000031306
Cirsium lutescens	Raf.	Med. Repos. New York 2(5): 354. 1808 , nomen		wfo-0000087180
Cirsium maackii var. spinossimum	Kitam.	Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Imp. Univ., Ser. B, Biol. 13: 63 (1937)		wfo-0001383556
Cirsium macedonicum	Formánek	Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn xxx. (1892) 64; et xxxii. (18		wfo-0000095721
Cirsium macranthum	(Schrenk) B.Fedtsch.	Rastitel'n. Turkestana : 755 (1915)		wfo-0000033936
Cirsium macrochaetum	Tausch	Flora 19(2): 397 (1836)		wfo-0000070034
Cirsium macvaughii	G.L.Nesom	Phytoneuron 2022-24: 20. [27 Feb 2022] [epublished]		wfo-1000044304
Cirsium madonae	Gand.	Herb. Pyrénées 45 1884		wfo-1000064665
Cirsium magdalenense	G.L.Nesom	Phytoneuron 2022-24: 18. [27 Feb 2022] [epublished]		wfo-1000044302
Cirsium mailhoi	Giraudias	Bull. Assoc. Pyrén. Échange Pl. i. (1891), ex Bull. Soc. Bot.		wfo-0000118608
Cirsium makinoi var. abukumense	(Kadota) Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 40(2): 78 (2014)		wfo-0001385310
Cirsium makinoi var. shiroumense	(Kadota) Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 40(2): 78 (2014)		wfo-0001385309
Cirsium maritimum	(Elmer) Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35(2): 288 (1917)		wfo-0000015644
Cirsium maritimum	Davidson & Moxley	Fl. S. Calif. : 438 (1923)		wfo-0000011633
Cirsium markaguntense	(S.L.Welsh) Ackerf. & D.J.Keil	J. Syst. Evol. 58(6): 905. 2020		wfo-1000021729
Cirsium martini	L.C.Lamb.	Bull. Géogr. Bot. 21: 79, hybr. (1911)		wfo-0000021815
Cirsium masami-saitoanum	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B 32(2): 86 (-92; figs. 1, 3-4) (2006)		wfo-0000006472
Cirsium masferreri	Cadevall	in Cadevall & Sallent, Fl. Catal. 3: 350. [1919-1923]		wfo-0000072399
Cirsium matritense	Lag. ex Cut.	Fl. Comp. Madrid : 409		wfo-0000082786
Cirsium matsumurae var. dubium	Kitam.	–		wfo-1200068353
Cirsium megacephalum	Rouy	Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 30, in syn. 1905 [Mar 1905]		wfo-0000138498
Cirsium meratii	P.Fourn.	Fl. Compl. Plaine Franç. 278. 1928		wfo-1000036276
Cirsium michaletii	Rouy	Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 10, 118, hybr. (1904)		wfo-0000126575
Cirsium michiliense	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043187
Cirsium micranthum	Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 218		wfo-0000023646
Cirsium microspicatum f. glutinosum	Kitam.	–	—	wfo-1200059659
Cirsium microspicatum var. kiotoense	Kitam.	–	—	wfo-1200068321
Cirsium microspicatum var. yechizenense	Kitam.	–	—	wfo-1200068261
Cirsium miliarakisii	Maire & Petitm.	Mat. Etude Fl. Geogr. Bot. Orient 4: 126. 1908		wfo-0000071490
Cirsium milliati	Arènes	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 141 (1942)		wfo-0000024372
Cirsium mimbresense	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043186
Cirsium minii	Pamp.	Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1908, 129.		wfo-0000126346
Cirsium mirum	Iljin	Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. iii. 61 (1922).		wfo-0000134309
Cirsium misilmerense	Ces., Pass. & Gibelli	Comp. Fl. Ital. 2(21): 483 (1878)		wfo-0000004264
Cirsium mite	Fisch.	in Spreng. Nov. Prov. 13. 1818		wfo-0000125883
Cirsium mitissimum	Pamp.	Arch. Bot. (Forlì) xxii. 62 (1946).		wfo-0000013365
Cirsium modestum	Cockerell	Univ. Colorado Stud. 11: 219. 1915		wfo-0000006850
Cirsium modestum	Rydb.	Fl. Rocky Mts. : 1011 (1917)		wfo-0000136934
Cirsium mohavense subsp. utahense	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 471 (1917)		wfo-0000107010
Cirsium moldavicum	Dobrescu & Nyár.	Fl. Republ. Popul. Român. ix. 731, 971 (1964).		wfo-0000005869
Cirsium mollissimum	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043196
Cirsium mongolicum	Petr.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 43: 274 (1938)		wfo-0000135583
Cirsium monspessulanum var. pyrenaicum	–	–	—	wfo-0000002690
Cirsium montanum	Hill	Herb. Brit. [Hill] 1: 80. 1769		wfo-0000035950
Cirsium montanum	Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.	Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 376, non Hill. 1826 [Jan-Mar 1826]		wfo-0000135682
Cirsium montosicolum	Gand.	Herb. Pyrénées 37 1884		wfo-1000064658
Cirsium moravicum	Petr.	Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. ii. Heft 1, 34 (1960).		wfo-0000062973
Cirsium morinifolium	Boiss. & Heldr. ex Boiss.	Fl. Orient. 3: 530 (1875)		wfo-0000123318
Cirsium morrisii	C.Bicknell	Malpighia viii. (1894) 392.		wfo-0000092726
Cirsium muellneri	Beck	Fl. Nieder-Osterreich 2(2): 1250. 1893		wfo-1000036295
Cirsium muramatsui	Kadota	J. Jap. Bot. 96(3): 138. 2021		wfo-1000026121
Cirsium murrianum	Khek	Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 38: 96, hybr. (1925)		wfo-0000012048
Cirsium murrii	Dalla Torre & Sarnth.	Fl. Tirol 6(3): 628, hybr. (1911)		wfo-0000047726
Cirsium muticum f. subpinnatifidum	(Britton) Fernald	Rhodora 45: 353 (1943)		wfo-0000113619
Cirsium myokoense	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 35(1): 41 (-44, 47; figs. 1-2 (2009)		wfo-0001331846
Cirsium myrianthum	Gand.	Étude Fl., ed. 5 [A. Cariot] 2: 305. 1872 ; Gandoger, Fl. Lyonn. 130 (1875).		wfo-0000073506
Cirsium naegelianum	M.Loehr	Enum. Fl. Deutschland 362. 1852 [1-14 Jan 1852]		wfo-0000084692
Cirsium nagisoense	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 35(1): 44 (-48; figs. 3-5, 6A (2009)		wfo-0001331847
Cirsium nakae	Kudô	Jap. J. Bot. ii. 281 (1925), nomen.		wfo-0000127269
Cirsium nambuense	Nakai.	Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 26: 365 (1912)		wfo-0000025481
Cirsium nanhutashanense	S.S.Ying	New Taxa New Names 4: 338. 2021		wfo-1000026122
Cirsium nanhutashanense var. hopingense	S.S.Ying	New Taxa New Names 5: 501.2022		wfo-1200026967
Cirsium narbonense	Rouy	Illustr. Pl. Eur. Rar. 1: 240.		wfo-0000092118
Cirsium nelsonii	Rydb.	Fl. Rocky Mts. 1012. 1917		wfo-0000041952
Cirsium neomexicanum var. neomexicanum	–	–	—	wfo-0000091837
Cirsium nerimaniae	Yıldız, Dirmenci & Arabacı	Turkish J. Bot. 37(6): 1050 (2013)		wfo-0001337692
Cirsium neumanni	Khek	Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. xvi. 41.(1910).		wfo-0000003077
Cirsium nevadense	(Greene) Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 552 (1917)		wfo-0000127621
Cirsium nevadense	Willk.	Linnaea 30: 111 (1859-61)		wfo-0000012171
Cirsium nevadense subsp. fontquerii	(Romo) Mateo & M.B.Crespo	Flora Montiber. 59: 91 (2015)		wfo-0001404444
Cirsium nevoleanum	Hayek	Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 63: (72), hybr. (1913)		wfo-0000040840
Cirsium neyrae	E.G.Camus	Bull. Herb. Boissier i. App. ii. 41. 1893 (1893)		wfo-0000123355
Cirsium nezaketiae	Yıldız, Dirmenci & Arabacı	Turkish J. Bot. 43(3): 368. 2019		wfo-1000031414
Cirsium nipponicum var. shikokianum	(Kitam.) Kitam. ex Kitam. & Murata	–	—	wfo-1200068585
Cirsium nipponicus	Maxim.	–	—	wfo-0000037349
Cirsium noli-tangere	Borbás	in Termeszet. 9: 120-3. 1877 ; cf. Petrak in Biblioth. Bot. xviii. Heft 78, p.75 (1912).		wfo-0000129660
Cirsium norrisii	C.Bicknell	Malpighia 8: 392. 1894		wfo-1000035157
Cirsium nothum	Goller	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56: 312 (1906)		wfo-0000044462
Cirsium notorhaphis	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043198
Cirsium novomexicanum	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 466 (1917)		wfo-0000134570
Cirsium obscurum	Kern. ex Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 264		wfo-0000010601
Cirsium oenanum	Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 215		wfo-0000047096
Cirsium oenipontanum	Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 280		wfo-0000029728
Cirsium ohminense	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B 32(2): 96 (figs. 7-8) (2006)		wfo-0000060483
Cirsium oltense	Fomin	Mitt. Kauk. Mus. Tiflis 3: 281. 1907		wfo-0000139064
Cirsium opacum	(Kitam.) Kadota	Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B 32(2): 99 (2006)		wfo-0000130225
Cirsium oreithales	Hance	Annales Botanices Systematicae 21: 994 1852	—	wfo-0000123274
Cirsium oreophilum	Rydb.	Fl. Rocky Mts. 1009. 1917		wfo-0000098153
Cirsium orgyale	Link	Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 302 (1822)		wfo-0000020324
Cirsium orizabaense	Sch.Bip. ex Klatt	Leopoldina 24: 128 (1888)		wfo-0001327946
Cirsium orizabensis	Sch.Bip.	–	—	wfo-0000011334
Cirsium orophilum	Arv.-Touv.	Essai Pl. Dauphiné 37 (Quid?) (1872)		wfo-0000096722
Cirsium oxylepis	Petr.	Bot. Tidsskr. 31: 60 (1911)		wfo-0000080301
Cirsium pablillo	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043195
Cirsium pacificum	G.L.Nesom	Phytoneuron 2022-24: 17. [27 Feb 2022] [epublished]		wfo-1000044301
Cirsium paludosum	G.Don	Hort. Brit. : 331 (1830)		wfo-0000128501
Cirsium pannoniciforme	Nyár.	Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 11: 98 (1932) (1931 publ. 1932)		wfo-0000087101
Cirsium paradoxum	Hayek	Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 63: (73), hybr. (1913)		wfo-0000130276
Cirsium paradoxum	Wallr.	Erst. Beitr. Fl. Hercyn. : 264 (1840)		wfo-0000024789
Cirsium parietinum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 130 (1875)		wfo-0000065456
Cirsium parryi	Cockerell ex Daniels	Univ. Missouri Stud., Sci. Ser. 2(2): 253. 1911		wfo-0000013121
Cirsium parryi subsp. parryi	–	–	—	wfo-0000105292
Cirsium parryi subsp. viridiflorum	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 323 (1917)		wfo-0001360026
Cirsium peltieri	Maire	Notul. Syst. (Paris) 8: 25 (1939)		wfo-0000013833
Cirsium pengii	Y.H.Tseng, P.C.Liao & Chih Y.Chang	Bot. Stud. (Taipei) 66-8: 17 (2025)		wfo-1000078459
Cirsium peraffine	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 132 (1875)		wfo-0000038568
Cirsium perpungens	Schur ex Nyár.	Fl. Republ. Popul. Român. ix. 735, 971 (1964).		wfo-0000031640
Cirsium persimile	Beck	Fl. Nieder-Osterreich 2: 1244. 1892		wfo-0000061084
Cirsium peshmenianum	Yıldız, Arabacı & Dirmenci	Nordic J. Bot. 29(1): 29 (-34; figs. 6D, 7D, (2011)		wfo-0001331797
Cirsium petrakianum	Domin	Preslia xiii-xv. 240 (1935), in adnot		wfo-0000090134
Cirsium petrakii	Kozl. & Woronow ex Grossh.	Fl. Kavkaza 4: 189 (1934)		wfo-0000117130
Cirsium phyllocephalum	Boiss. & C.I.Blanche	Diagn. Pl. Orient. , ser. 2, 3: 39 (1856)		wfo-0000091801
Cirsium pindicola	Hausskn.	in Nym. Consp. Suppl. 2(1): 181. 1889 , as 'pindicolum'; et in Mitth. Thur. Bot. Ver. N. Folgevii. (1895) 39		wfo-0000046175
Cirsium pitouchaoense	S.S.Ying	New Taxa New Names 3: 236. 2020		wfo-1000021730
Cirsium pium	Gand.	Herb. Pyrénées 45 1884		wfo-1000064666
Cirsium platyonychium	Sennen	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 74: 381, nomen (1927)		wfo-0000126724
Cirsium poeltii	Petr.	Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 75: 151, without type. (1972)		wfo-0000031263
Cirsium polivkae	Podp.	Spisy Prír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 12: 33 (1922)		wfo-0000133257
Cirsium polyacanthum	Kar. & Kir.	Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 14: 450 (1841)		wfo-0000008530
Cirsium polycephalum	Willd. ex Spreng.	Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 371. 1826 [Jan-Mar 1826]		wfo-0000079361
Cirsium polymorphum	Porta	Ann. Bot. (Rome) 12: 23, hybr. 1913		wfo-0000096312
Cirsium praealpinum	Beck	Fl. Hernst. 440. 1884		wfo-1000036299
Cirsium praticola	Petr.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 5: 331 (1908)		wfo-0000031262
Cirsium prativagum	Petrak.	–	—	wfo-0001130642
Cirsium przybylskii	Eichenf.	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 37: 377 (1887)		wfo-0000102318
Cirsium pseudoerisithaloides	Pamp.	Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1908, 129.		wfo-0000039799
Cirsium pseudolappaceum	Kharadze	Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 23: 115 (1963)		wfo-0000012366
Cirsium pseudosuffultum	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B 32(2): 92 (-96; figs. 2, 5-6) (2006)		wfo-0000008376
Cirsium pskemense	Lazkov	Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 40: 225 (224-226; fig. 1) (2009)		wfo-0001331636
Cirsium pubigerum var. paphlagonicum	Petr.	–	—	wfo-1200068361
Cirsium pulchellum	Wooton & Standl.	Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 19: 752 (1915)		wfo-0000042242
Cirsium pulchellum subsp. bipinnatum	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 513 (1917)		wfo-0000102257
Cirsium pulchellum subsp. diffusum	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 514 (1917)		wfo-0000104999
Cirsium pulchellum subsp. pulchellum	–	–	—	wfo-0000047158
Cirsium pulchellum var. pulchellum	–	–	—	wfo-0000048418
Cirsium pulcherrimum var. pulcherrimum	–	–		wfo-0000086737
Cirsium pulchrum	E.G.Camus	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 81 (1891)		wfo-0000136764
Cirsium pumilio	Tausch	Syll. Pl. Nov. ii. (1828) 249.		wfo-0000063330
Cirsium pungens	Schur	Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 420. 1866 [Apr-Jun 1866]		wfo-0000115841
Cirsium pustariacum	Ausserd. ex Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 258		wfo-0000021743
Cirsium pyrenaicum var. longispinosum	(Kunze) Talavera & Valdés	–	—	wfo-1200068319
Cirsium pyrenaicum var. micranthum	Talavera & Valdés	Lagascalia 5(2): 180 (1976)		wfo-0001386720
Cirsium pyrenaicum var. paniculatum	(Vahl) Talavera & Valdés	Lagascalia 5(2): 179 (1976)		wfo-0001386721
Cirsium quercetorum var. mendocinum	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 364 (1917)		wfo-0000024896
Cirsium quercetorum var. quercetorum	–	–	—	wfo-0000099118
Cirsium rechingeri	Negaresh	Ann. Bot. Fenn. 53(5-6): 405 (2016)		wfo-0001347594
Cirsium rechingeri var. ferox	(Boiss.) Negaresh	Ann. Bot. Fenn. 53(5-6): 406 (2016)		wfo-0001386086
Cirsium rechingeri var. tomentosum	(Boiss.) Negaresh	Ann. Bot. Fenn. 53(5-6): 408 (2016)		wfo-0001386088
Cirsium reglense	Sch.Bip. ex Klatt	Leopoldina 24(nos. 13-14): 128. 1888 [Jul 1888]		wfo-0000067454
Cirsium remotifolium	Jeps.	Fl. W. Calif. [Jepson] 508. 1901 [16 Apr 1901]		wfo-0000088101
Cirsium remotifolium var. oregonense	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 300 (1917)		wfo-0000111043
Cirsium rengehydrophilum	Kadota	J. Jap. Bot. 96(3): 135. 2021		wfo-1000026123
Cirsium replicatum	DC.	Prodr. 6: 655 (1838)		wfo-0000018054
Cirsium reyi	Rouy	Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 3, 30, 78, hybr. (1904)		wfo-0000030244
Cirsium rhinoceros f. albiflorum	Sakata & Nakai	–	—	wfo-1200059670
Cirsium rhodanicum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 132 (1875)		wfo-0000000076
Cirsium rhysocephalum subsp. rhysocephalum	–	–	—	wfo-0000050601
Cirsium richeleanum	Tourl.	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 50: 310 (1903)		wfo-0000022692
Cirsium rigidum	Porta	Atti Imp. Regia Accad. Rovereto ser. 3, 11(fasc. 2): 5. 1905 ; Fedde, Repert. Nov. Sp.viii. 484.		wfo-0000081766
Cirsium rivulare	Link	Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 301 (1822)		wfo-0000067156
Cirsium rodiei	H.J.Coste & Soulié	Le Monde des Plantes 22(130): 5. 1921 , hybr.; et in Bull. Soc. Bot. France,1919, lxvi Sess. Extr. p. xx (1922)		wfo-0000007817
Cirsium rodnense	Nyár.	Fl. Republ. Popul. Român. ix. 732, 971 (1964).		wfo-0000084424
Cirsium rohlenae	Petr.	Biblioth. Bot. 78: 78 (1912)		wfo-0000041037
Cirsium rollowii	Petr. & Woronow	Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada xxiv. 12 (1912), hybr.		wfo-0000026024
Cirsium roseum	Petr.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 5: 332 (1908)		wfo-0000136815
Cirsium rouyana	Sennen	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 426 (1904)		wfo-0000134675
Cirsium royleanum	Sch.Bip.	Linnaea 19: 335 (1846)		wfo-0000072463
Cirsium rubricaule	Novopokr.	Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 62(4): 317, in adnot., in syn (1929)		wfo-0000045079
Cirsium rubriflorum	Fleischerin Dorfler	Herb. Norm. No. 5115. 1910		wfo-0000001730
Cirsium rubriflorum	J.Fleisch.	Exsicc. (Herb. Norm.): 5115 (1910)	—	wfo-0000021888
Cirsium rupinarum	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043191
Cirsium rusticanum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 130 (1875)		wfo-0000129309
Cirsium sabaudum	Ruhmer	in Eichl. Jahrb. Bot. Gard. Berl. i. (1881) 240.	—	wfo-0000046208
Cirsium sabaudum	Ruhmer	Jahrb. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 1: 240. 1881		wfo-0000058846
Cirsium sacriosum var. thorneae	S.L.Welsh	Great Basin Naturalist 42: 201 (1982)		wfo-0001380407
Cirsium sagrense	E.Michálk. & Bureš	Pl. Syst. Evol. 309(3)-20: 16 2023		wfo-1000057063
Cirsium salinum	M.Bieb. ex M.A.Maxim.	Novyi Mag. Estestv. Istorii 1827(2): 221. [26 Jul 1827]		wfo-1200010613
Cirsium salinum	M.Bieb. ex Steud.	Nomencl. Bot. 1: 370 (1840)		wfo-0000115146
Cirsium sansebastianii	Evers ex Petr.	Biblioth. Bot. 78: 80 (1912)		wfo-0000131244
Cirsium scariosum var. loncholepis	(Petr.) D.J.Keil	Aliso 28: 57 (2010)		wfo-0001380877
Cirsium schantarense f. albiflorum	Y.N.Lee	Fl. Korea 1162, without type (1996)		wfo-0001323407
Cirsium schefferi	Boros	Bot. Közlem. 34: 237 (1937)		wfo-0000132925
Cirsium schelkovnikovii	Petr.	Mitt. Kauk. Mus. Tiflis 8: 44. 1914		wfo-0001429140
Cirsium schisticola	Gand.	Herb. Pyrénées 59 1884		wfo-1000064695
Cirsium schmidtianum	M.Schulze	Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins , n.s., ix. 45 (1896), hybr.		wfo-0000028017
Cirsium schroeteri	Braun-Blanq.	Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens 47: 130 (1905)	—	wfo-0000125245
Cirsium schroeteri	Jos.Braun	Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens xlvii. 130 (1905)		wfo-0000038506
Cirsium schultzianum	M.Loehr	Enum. Fl. Deutschland 365. 1852 [1-14 Jan 1852]		wfo-0000006590
Cirsium scolopendron	Porta	Atti Imp. Regia Accad. Rovereto , ser. 3, 11(2): 3 (1905)		wfo-0000060529
Cirsium scopolii	Khek	Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. xiv. 34 (1908).		wfo-0000114634
Cirsium sect. Cirsium	–	–	—	wfo-1000044049
Cirsium sect. Epitrachys	DC.	–	—	wfo-1000044027
Cirsium seegeriorum	Murr	Magyar Bot. Lapok 28: 65 (1930), hybr. (1929 publ. 1930)		wfo-0000134358
Cirsium segetum	Bunge	Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 2: 110 (1833)		wfo-0000076978
Cirsium semidecurrens	DC.	Prodr. 6: 646 (1838)		wfo-0000021814
Cirsium semipectinatum	Ledeb. ex Steud.	Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2. 1: 370. 1840		wfo-0000026796
Cirsium semzinanicum	Fırat	PhytoKeys 68: 67 (2016)		wfo-0001346284
Cirsium sendaicum f. albiflorum	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 40(2): 84 (2014)		wfo-0001322529
Cirsium sennenii	Rouy	Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 42 (1904)		wfo-0000096339
Cirsium sennholzii	Eichenf.	Sitzungsber. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien xliii. (1893) 53		wfo-0000126608
Cirsium serratum	Tausch	Flora 12(1, Ergänzungsbl.): 39 (1829)		wfo-0000087671
Cirsium serrulatum	M.Bieb.	Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 557. [Dec 1819 or early 1820]		wfo-0000004317
Cirsium serrulatum	Schur	Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 419 (1866)		wfo-0000096807
Cirsium sessiliflorum	Herbich	Stirp. Rar. Bucov. : 54 (1853)		wfo-0000046974
Cirsium setidens f. albiflorum	Y.N.Lee	Fl. Korea 1163 (1996)		wfo-0001323408
Cirsium setidens var. niveo-araneum	Kitam.	–		wfo-1200068281
Cirsium setigerum-pannonicum	Nyár.	Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 11: 98 (1932), in syn. (1931 publ. 1932)		wfo-0000007205
Cirsium sextenum	Ausserd. ex Huter	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56(12): 478 (-479) (1906)		wfo-0000044658
Cirsium shimae	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 35(3): 106 (-110; figs. 1-4) (2009)		wfo-0001331849
Cirsium sichuanense	Z.C.Jin & Y.S.Chen	–		wfo-1000043223
Cirsium sicigerum	Hausskn. & Bornm.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 20(2): 163 (1906)		wfo-0000045078
Cirsium siegertii	Sch.Bip. ex Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. 2: 408 (1879)		wfo-0000033954
Cirsium sieheanum	Petr.	Mitt. Kauk. Mus. Tiflis 8: 71. 1914		wfo-0000016892
Cirsium sieversi	B.Fedtsch.	Rastit. Turkest. 754. 1915		wfo-0000006530
Cirsium sieversii	Sch.Bip.	Linnaea 19 335	—	wfo-0000084711
Cirsium simillimum	Petr.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 5: 330 (1908)		wfo-0000132121
Cirsium simonii	Komlodi	Bot. Közlem. 47: 83 (1957)		wfo-0000127889
Cirsium simplex subsp. simplex	–	–	—	wfo-1200068660
Cirsium sivasicum	Yıldız, Arabacı & Dirmenci	Nordic Journal of Botany 29:27 (2011)	—	wfo-1000080028
Cirsium smirnovii	Gubanov	Kat. tip. obraztsov sosud. rast. gerb. Moskovskogo Univ. (MW) 133 (1993), without latin descr.		wfo-0000091771
Cirsium solanum	Porta	Atti Imp. Regia Accad. Rovereto , ser. 3, 11(2): 2 (1905)		wfo-0000000211
Cirsium soroksarense	Wagner	Bot. Közlem. 20: 84. 1922		wfo-1000036309
Cirsium soubiellei	Sennen & Septimin	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 63: 121, 130, nomen, hybr. (1917)		wfo-0000022521
Cirsium souliei	(Franch.) Mattf.	J. Arnold Arbor. 1933, xiv. 42	—	wfo-0000095282
Cirsium spinifolium	Beck	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 31: 312 (1881)		wfo-0000039825
Cirsium spinosissimoides	Ausserd. ex Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 250		wfo-0000118979
Cirsium spinosissimum	(Walter) B.L.Rob. & Fernald	–		wfo-0000006909
Cirsium spinuliferum	(Kitam.) Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 35(1): 47 (2009)		wfo-0001331848
Cirsium spitzneri	Formánek	Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 32: 66 (1894)		wfo-0000079666
Cirsium squarrosum	Fisch. ex Spreng.	Syst. Veg. 3: 376 (1826)		wfo-0000130591
Cirsium stiriacum	Fritsch	Mitt. Naturwiss. Vereins Steiermark 43: 409. 1907		wfo-0000043392
Cirsium stoderianum	Dürrnb.	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 40: 410 (1890)		wfo-0000011291
Cirsium stojanovii	Kuzmanov	Sto Godini Stojanov 60. 1988		wfo-0000000554
Cirsium stonum	Porta ex Kern.	Sched. Fl. Austro-Hung. 5: 63. 1888		wfo-0000075628
Cirsium streptacanthum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 130 (1875)		wfo-0000114756
Cirsium strigosissimum	Petr. & Bornm.	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 60: 438 (1910)		wfo-0000025082
Cirsium strigosum var. khorassanicum	Boiss.	–	—	wfo-1200068633
Cirsium stroblii	Hayek	Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 57: (15) (1907)		wfo-0000012114
Cirsium subcanescens	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35(2): 565 (1917)	—	wfo-0000089033
Cirsium subcanum	Beck	Fl. Nieder-Osterreich 2: 1244. 1892		wfo-0000071074
Cirsium suberisithales	Beck	Fl. Nieder-Osterreich 2: 1246. 1892		wfo-0000018816
Cirsium subfloccosum	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 131 (1875)		wfo-0000121014
Cirsium subfoliosum	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35(2): 566 (1917)	—	wfo-0000033376
Cirsium subg. Eucirsium	–	–	—	wfo-1000041252
Cirsium subg. Lophiolepis	Cass.	Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2. [F. Cuvier] 25: 225. 1822 [Nov. 1822]		wfo-1000036420
Cirsium sublaeve	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 132 (1875)		wfo-0000024142
Cirsium submedium	Hy	Bull. Herb. Boissier iii. App. I. 13. 1895 (1895)		wfo-0000076808
Cirsium subniveum	Rydb.	Fl. Rocky Mts. 1006. 1917		wfo-0000039379
Cirsium suboreophilum	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35(2): 564 (1917)	—	wfo-0000129709
Cirsium subrivulare	Beck	Fl. Nieder-Osterreich 2: 1244. 1892		wfo-0000026724
Cirsium subsimplex	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35(2): 563 (1917)	—	wfo-0000003788
Cirsium subspinuligerum	Peterm.	Deutschl. Flora 3: 1. 1849		wfo-1000036288
Cirsium subtymphaeum	Rech.f.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38: 341 (1935)		wfo-0000063652
Cirsium subulariforme	C.Shih	Fl. Rep. Pop. Sin. 78: 90. 1987		wfo-0001042858
Cirsium subundulatum	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35(2): 565 (1917)	—	wfo-0000036290
Cirsium succinctum	Ledeb.	–	—	wfo-0001130643
Cirsium sudae	E.Michálk. & Bureš	Preslia 90(4): 356. 2018		wfo-1000003557
Cirsium suffultum f. albiflorum	Kitam.	–	—	wfo-1200059672
Cirsium sundquistii	Hayek	Bot. Not. 1922, 268, hybr.		wfo-0000037737
Cirsium supertextum	Tausch	Flora 19(2): 397 (1836)		wfo-0000043925
Cirsium suspiciosum	Beck	Fl. Nieder-Osterreich 2: 1243. 1892		wfo-0000138085
Cirsium svidovicense	Domin	Preslia xiii-xv. 240 (1935)		wfo-0000044565
Cirsium szovitsii	Boiss.	Fl. Orient. 3: 527 (1875)		wfo-0000044893
Cirsium taiwanense	Y.H.Tseng & Chih Y.Chang	PhytoKeys 183: 47, figs. 1C, 2C, 3C, 5, 6. 2021		wfo-1000026124
Cirsium takahashii	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 33(1): 40 (-44; figs. 8-10, map) (2007)		wfo-0001331448
Cirsium tanakae	Matsum.	Nippon Shokubutsumeii, ed. 2 83. 1895		wfo-0000126717
Cirsium tanakae f. tanakae	–	–	—	wfo-0000052591
Cirsium tanakae subsp. tanakae	–	–	—	wfo-0000054690
Cirsium tanakae var. tanakae	–	–	—	wfo-0000057090
Cirsium tancitaroense	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043184
Cirsium tappeineri	Treuinfels	Cirsien Tirols 74. 1875		wfo-0000077121
Cirsium tartaricum	All.	Fl. Pedem. i. 151 (1785)		wfo-0000085569
Cirsium tatakaense	Y.H.Tseng & Chih Y.Chang	PhytoKeys 117: 125. 2019		wfo-1000031415
Cirsium tenerrimum	Petr.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 5: 332 (1908)		wfo-0000025662
Cirsium tenorioanum	G.L.Nesom	Phytoneuron 2022-24: 19. [27 Feb 2022] [epublished]		wfo-1000044303
Cirsium tenuifolium	(Gaudin) Hagenb.	Verh. Schweiz. Naturf. Ges. 23: 235. 1838		wfo-0001042928
Cirsium tenuilobum	(K.Koch) Boiss.	Fl. Orient. 3: 534 (1875)		wfo-0000071966
Cirsium tenuisectum	(D.J.Keil) Ackerf.	Int. J. Pl. Sci. 184(5): 337 (2023)		wfo-1000079818
Cirsium tepehuanense	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043189
Cirsium teshioense	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 39(3): 117 (2013)		wfo-0001338582
Cirsium thuretii	Burnat ex Rouy	Rev. Bot. Syst. Géogr. Bot. 2: 58 (1904)		wfo-0000067596
Cirsium tioganum var. tioganum	–	–	—	wfo-0000109202
Cirsium tirolense	Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 243		wfo-0000119554
Cirsium townsendii	(Petr.) G.L.Nesom	Phytoneuron 2021-72: 2. 2021		wfo-1000026125
Cirsium transsilvanicum	Schur	Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 419 (1866)		wfo-0000044538
Cirsium treuinfelsianum	Ausserd.	Herb. Norm. Sched. Cent. [Dörfler] 31: 18. 1894 ; et ex Murr in Deutsche Bot.Monatsschr. xii. (1894) 106		wfo-0000131917
Cirsium tribadum	Porta	Ann. Bot. (Rome) 7: 318 (1909)		wfo-0000029442
Cirsium tribadum	Porta	in Ann. Bot., Roma, vii. 318 (1909).	—	wfo-0000045625
Cirsium triebenense	Hayek	Fl. Steiermark ii. 609 (1913), hybr.		wfo-0000070269
Cirsium trifurcum	Petrak.	–	—	wfo-0001130644
Cirsium trigeneum	Bornm.	Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins , n.s., xxxvi. 41 (1925), hybr		wfo-0000036555
Cirsium trigeneum	Petr.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 5: 331 (1908)		wfo-0000000520
Cirsium trinum	Goller ex Huter	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56: 318 (1906)		wfo-0000094400
Cirsium triplex	Hayek	Fl. Steiermark ii. 621 (1913), hybr.		wfo-0000042985
Cirsium triste	A.Kern.	Sched. Fl. Austro-Hung. 5: 62. 1888		wfo-0000062564
Cirsium tryphilinum	Treuinf.	Z. Ferdinandeums Tirol III. xix. (1875) 276		wfo-0000125214
Cirsium tukuhnikivatzicum	Ackerf.	Syst. Bot. 48(2): 357 2023		wfo-1000055674
Cirsium turkestanicum var. turkestanicum	–	–		wfo-0000054597
Cirsium tuzsonianum	Kárpáti	Bot. Közlem. 37: 29 (1940)		wfo-0000059200
Cirsium uliginosum	Delastre	Fl. Dept. Vienne 255. 1842		wfo-0000002696
Cirsium uliginosum	M.Bieb.	Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 555. [Dec 1819 or early 1820]		wfo-0000013147
Cirsium undulatum subsp. helleri	Petr.	Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 419 (1917)		wfo-0000095325
Cirsium uninerve	Nakai	in Mori, Enum. Pl. Cor. 355. 1922 , nomen		wfo-0000045616
Cirsium unzenense	Kadota & Mas.Saito	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 34(4): 143 (-146; figs. 5-6, (2008)		wfo-0001331624
Cirsium urbanum	Beck	Fl. Nieder-Osterreich 2: 1242. 1892		wfo-0000129726
Cirsium uzenense	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B 31(1): 39 (-42, 45; figs. 3-4 (2005)		wfo-0000065780
Cirsium valdespinulosum	Sennen	Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 28(5-8): 105 (1930)		wfo-0000028713
Cirsium validum	(Greene) Ackerf. & D.J.Keil	J. Syst. Evol. 58(6): 905. 2020		wfo-1200007836
Cirsium validum	Formánek	Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 34: 303 (1896)		wfo-0000114278
Cirsium vallis-demonis	Lojac.	–	—	wfo-0001129125
Cirsium vallis-demonis subsp. calabrum	(Fiori) Del Guacchio, Bernardo, P. Caputo, Domina & Iamonico	–	—	wfo-1200112037
Cirsium vallis-demonis subsp. vallis-demonis	–	–	—	wfo-1200108563
Cirsium variabile	Porta	Atti Imp. Regia Accad. Rovereto ser. 3, 11(fasc. 2): 5. 1905 ; Fedde, Repert. Nov. Sp.viii. 484.		wfo-0000039350
Cirsium vasconicum	Gand.	Herb. Pyrénées 70 1884		wfo-1000064702
Cirsium venustum	Porta	in Ann. Bot., Roma, vii. 318 (1909).	—	wfo-0000067189
Cirsium venustum	Porta	Ann. Bot. (Rome) 7: 318 (1909)		wfo-0000117159
Cirsium vergelense	G.L.Nesom	–		wfo-1000043190
Cirsium verum	Kadota	J. Jap. Bot. 96(3): 140. 2021		wfo-1000026126
Cirsium viale	Gand.	Fl. Lyon. : 130 (1875)		wfo-0000116935
Cirsium viciosoi	Sennen	Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 1912, xi. 196, hybr.		wfo-0000075619
Cirsium vickifunkiae	U.B.Deshmukh, M.B.Shende & E.S.Reddy	Feddes Repert. 133(2): 120 (2021)		wfo-1000077696
Cirsium vimariense	Bornm.	Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins , n.f., xliii. 23 (1936)		wfo-0000068282
Cirsium vindobonense	Halácsy	Bot. Centralbl. 8(32): 381 (1887)		wfo-0000091988
Cirsium viperinum	(D.J.Keil) Ackerf. & D.J.Keil	J. Syst. Evol. 58(6): 905. 2020		wfo-1000021731
Cirsium virgatum	Tausch	Flora 19(2): 402 (1836)		wfo-0000123331
Cirsium virgenum	Goller & Huter	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56: 313 (1906)		wfo-0000052169
Cirsium viride	Velen. ex Nyman	Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2(1): 181. 1889 ; Bornm. in Bot. Centralbl. xxxvi. (1888) 88		wfo-0000060567
Cirsium viridipurpureum	Rechinger	Oesterr. Bot. Z. 72: 349, hybr. (1923)		wfo-0000094996
Cirsium vittozi	Milliat ex Arènes	Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. , sér. 2, 15: 344 (1943)		wfo-0000119862
Cirsium vivantii	L.Villar, Segarra, J.López, Pérez-Coll. & Catalán	Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 154(3): 430 (421-434; fig. 2, (2007)		wfo-0000065566
Cirsium vodicense	Morariu	Stud. Cerc. Stiint., Cluj, Acad. Republ. Popul. Romane 4(fasc. 3-4): 119. 1953		wfo-0000118292
Cirsium vulgare var. album	Mozaff.	Fl. Iran [ed. M. Assadi et al.] 144: 205. 2018		wfo-1200002502
Cirsium vulgare var. litorale	P.D.Sell	Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 4: 531 (77) (2006)		wfo-0001382854
Cirsium waisbeckeri	Simonk.	in Koszeg oidek. edenyes, ex Oesterr. Bot. Z. 41: 381. 1891		wfo-0000130829
Cirsium wallichii var. cernua	(Hook.f.) Karthik. & Moorthy	Fl. Pl. India : 215 (2009)		wfo-0001383804
Cirsium wallichii var. fasciculatum	(Hook.f.) Manilal & Suresh	in K.S. Manilal, Fl. Silent Valley 153 (1988), isonym, see p. 368:.		wfo-0000104941
Cirsium wallichii var. nepalensis	(DC.) Karthik. & Moorthy	Fl. Pl. India : 216 (2009)		wfo-0001383805
Cirsium wallowense	M.Peck	Madroño 5: 247 (1940)		wfo-0000130431
Cirsium wettsteinii	Petr.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 5: 329 (1908)		wfo-0000125172
Cirsium wiedermannii	Khek	Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 3(1): 7. 1897 [Jan 1897]		wfo-1000035429
Cirsium wilhelmii	Petr.	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 43: 285 (1938)		wfo-0000061006
Cirsium willdenowii	(F.Dietr.) Steud.	Nomencl. Bot. 1: 370 (1840)		wfo-0000123507
Cirsium willkommianum	Porta et Rigo ex Batt. & Trab.	Bull. Soc. Bot. France 35: 344 1888		wfo-1200101269
Cirsium wimmeri	Čelak.	Arch. Naturwiss. Landesdurchf. Böhmen 2: 263 (1873)		wfo-0000042849
Cirsium winkleri	Font Quer	Sched. Fl. Iber. Select., Cent. II-III n. 291 (1935);.		wfo-0000038397
Cirsium winklerianum	Čelak.	Arch. Naturwiss. Landesdurchf. Böhmen 2: 262 (1873)		wfo-0000043079
Cirsium wirtgenii	M.Loehr	Enum. Fl. Deutschland 362. 1852 [1-14 Jan 1852]		wfo-0000008586
Cirsium wulongense	Z.C.Jin & Y.S.Chen	Phytotaxa 662(2): 204 (2024)		wfo-1000070977
Cirsium yachiyotakashimae	Kadota	J. Jap. Bot. 96(3): 144. 2021		wfo-1000026127
Cirsium yamauchii	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 35(4): 199 (-202; figs. 8-9) (2009)		wfo-0001331852
Cirsium yezoalpinum	H.Koidz. ex Kadota & S.Umezawa	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 39(3): 108 (2013)		wfo-0001338581
Cirsium yezoense	(Maxim.) Nakai	Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 26(no. 312): 374. 1912 [Dec 1912] (as 'yesoense')		wfo-1200029814
Cirsium yoshinoi f. geminatum	Kitam.	17 1931	—	wfo-0000026885
Cirsium yuki-uenoanum	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 40(2): 86 (2014)		wfo-0001341047
Cirsium yuzawae	Kadota	Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 35(4): 196 (-199; figs. 6-7) (2009)		wfo-0001331851
Cirsium zapalowiczii	Khek	Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. xv. 54 (1909).		wfo-0000032022
Cirsium zarkosii	Kit Tan, Vold & V.Christodoulou	Phytol. Balcan. 20(1): 128 (2014)		wfo-0001342486